8.4 Vision and Development Objectives of Indonesian Bioeconomy
The vision of the Indonesian Bioeconomy is to create a sustainable and innovative economy that maximizes the use of biological resources while minimizing environmental impact. It aims to leverage the country’s rich biodiversity and natural resources to develop bio-based products and technologies, ultimately improving the well-being of its citizens and fostering economic growth.
Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security
The Indonesian government has set ambitious goals to significantly enhance sustainable agricultural practices by 2030. This encompasses a multifaceted approach aimed at improving the agricultural sector’s environmental sustainability, food security, and overall resilience. Here is a more detailed explanation of these objectives: Indonesia is actively promoting organic farming methods. This entails reducing the use of synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers, instead favoring organic and natural alternatives. Organic farming enhances soil health, reduces environmental pollution, and results in healthier, more nutritious crops. This move not only benefits the environment but also aligns with the global trend toward healthier, pesticide-free food. The government is committed to reducing the use of chemical pesticides in agriculture. This is crucial for mitigating the adverse environmental and health impacts associated with excessive pesticide use (Murtilaksono, 2014). A reduction in pesticide application contributes to cleaner water sources, improved soil quality, and lower risks to farmworkers and consumers. The promotion of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, crop rotation, and pest-resistant crop varieties are part of this effort. Food security is a central objective of Indonesia’s agricultural strategy. By increasing domestic food production, the country aims to reduce its reliance on food imports and ensure a stable food supply for its growing population. Various initiatives, such as increasing crop yields, improving post-harvest storage and distribution, and developing resilient crop varieties, contribute to this overarching goal. This not only makes Indonesia less vulnerable to international food price fluctuations but also bolsters its citizens’ access to nutritious food.
Developing a Thriving Bioenergy Sector
Indonesia’s vision for 2035 includes the establishment of a robust bioenergy sector. This strategic objective has several facets: The country aims to substantially increase the production of biofuels, particularly biodiesel and bioethanol. These biofuels are derived from renewable resources such as palm oil, sugarcane, and corn (Goh & Potter, 2022). By ramping up their production and utilization, Indonesia seeks to reduce its heavy reliance on fossil fuels, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and combat climate change. Biofuels offer a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Indonesia’s commitment to developing a bioenergy sector aligns with broader efforts to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels. By replacing a portion of the fossil fuel supply with biofuels, the nation can diversify its energy sources, enhance energy security, and contribute to global efforts to reduce carbon emissions.
Strengthening Biotechnology and Pharmaceuticals
Over the next decade, Indonesia is focusing on the growth and development of its biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Here is a more comprehensive overview: To foster innovation and growth in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, Indonesia is increasing investments in research and development (R&D). This investment supports the development of new medicines, biotech products, and healthcare solutions. It enhances the country’s scientific capabilities and positions it as a player in the global biotechnology arena. Indonesia recognizes the importance of nurturing biotech startups. These startups play a crucial role in driving innovation, job creation, and economic growth (Lutfiyah et al., 2022). By fostering a favorable ecosystem for startups, the country can harness the creativity and entrepreneurial spirit of its people, resulting in a more vibrant biotechnology sector. Indonesia seeks to expand its pharmaceutical and biotech product portfolio. This entails not only producing a wider range of medicines but also venturing into the production of biotech products such as vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics. This diversification contributes to healthcare advancements and positions Indonesia as a regional and global healthcare hub.